Glomerulionephritis

Glomerulionephritis (GN)- Acute G.N.- chronic GNTypes of GN1- associated with Nephrotic Syndrome 1- Membranous GN( 5% child., 30% adult)2-MCD (65% child, 10% adult)3- FSGS (10% child, 35% adult)4-membranoproliferative GN (10% child, 10% adult) 5- IgA nephropathy (10% child, 15% adult) 2- associated with Nephritic Syndrome1- Acute postinfectious (poststreptococcal) GN2- IgA nephropathy (Berger Disease)3- Rapidly progressive (crescentic) GN Nephrotic Syndrome Refers to a clinical complex that include the following:1- massive protienuria with dialy protein loss in the urine of 3.5 gm.2- hpoalbuminemia, plasma albumin < 3 gm/dl3- generalized edema4- hyperlipidemia
Pathogenesis :1- A derangement in the capillary walls of the glomeruli increased permeability to plasma protein serum albumin is decreased decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure primary retention of salt and water by the kidney escape fluid from vascular tree into the tissue.MININMAL – Change Disease(Lipoid Nephrosis):Pathogenesis:T-cell derived factor that cause podocyte damage and effacement of foot processesClinical pictures:Insidious development of the nephritic syndrome, protein loss mainly albuminPrognosis good (>90% respond to short course of corticosteroid therpyFSGS(focal segmental glomerulosclerosis:Pathogenesis:Injury to the podocytes is thought to represent the initiating event of FSGS