Staging

Staging
SCLC has 2 stages:
• Limited
• Extensive
Limited-stage SCLC disease is cancer confined to one hemithorax (including ipsilateral lymph nodes) that can be encompassed within one tolerable radiation therapy port, unless there is a pleural or pericardial effusion.
Extensive-stage disease is cancer outside a single hemithorax or the presence of malignant cells detected in pleural or pericardial effusions. Less than one third of patients with SCLC will present with limited-stage disease; the remainder of patients often have extensive distant metastases.
NSCLC has 4 stages, I through IV (using the TNM system). TNM staging is based on tumor size, tumor and lymph node location, and the presence or absence of distant metastases.
T (Primary tumor)
Tis : Carcinoma in situ
T1: Tumor ? 3 cm without invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus.
T2 :Tumor > 3 cm but ? 7 cm or with any of the following:
• Involves the main bronchus ? 2 cm distal to carina
• Invades the visceral pleura.
T3 :Tumor > 7 cm or with any of the following:
• Invades the chest wall, diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium
• Invades the main bronchus < 2 cm distal to carina but not the carina
• Separate tumor nodules in the same lobe