Lect 3 Skeletal System

Skeletal System
Learning Objectives:
1.Name and locate the major bones of the body.
2.Describe the structure and functions of bones and
joints .
3.Identify some prefixes .roots and suffixes of
body skeleton.
4.Describe the common diseases related to the skeletal
system.

The skeletal system is made up of 206
bones are attached to each other
at joints

Bone Structure and
function
-bones are made up of cells and tissues.
-Bones grow and renew themselves.
-osteoblasts :Immature bone cells.
-osteocytes :mature bone cells.
-osseous tissue: made of many mature osteocytes.
-For bones to become hard and strong, we need two
minerals: calcium and phosphorus .
-Vitamin D : helps us absorb the calcium.
-Cartilage : is soft because it lacks the calcium deposits that
make bone hard.
- Cartilage is found in all joints, the spinal column, and the
rib cage.

Bone function
-provide protection and support.
-allow movement.
-storehouse for calcium and phosphorus.
-produces blood cells that are necessary for life
-The bones of the vertebral column ( five groups).
-consists of 33 bones , extends from the base of the skull to
the lower back.
-7 cervical vertebrae (C1 to C7),
-12 thoracic vertebrae (T1 to T12) -
-5 lumbar vertebrae (L1 to L5), -
-5 fused bones called the sacrum (S1 to S5), -
- 4 fused bones called the coccyx or tailbone. -