Education is an essential determinant of development in any country . the rate of Illiteracy and low education is unacceptable nowadays in Iraq , Babylon province population was suffering from this serious problem which has very bad economic, social and health consequences, Babylon Illiteracy rate is among the highest rate in Iraq.
This is a descriptive cross section study was conducted was conducted during the period November,2013 through April 2014 to identify the main challenges that affect the Illiteracy elimination campaign in Babylon province- Iraq this survey included interviewing a sample of teachers and participants involved in this activity through a pretested questionnaire ; the results show that the majority of Illiterate people are in the productive age and they are belonging to the poor socio economic sector , the vast majority 95% of teachers were not exposed to training courses in this field. Poor managerial skills of the supervisors were evident in this study, late providing of financial support to teachers and students, lack of teaching materials and the far distance between the places of residence of participants and some learning centers.
Urgent actions are strongly needed to overcome these chalanges.